Jadwalka tallaalku way kala duwanyihiin dalka oo dhan, inta badanna, jadwalka lagu taliyey waxay ku xiran tahay nooca tallaalka, cudurka tallaalka loogu talagalay, iyo da'da ilmaha tallaalku ugu faa'iideysan karo. Tallaalka waxaa loogu talagalay in lagu ilaaliyo carruurta iyo dhallaanka marka ay yihiin kuwa ugu nugul (oo ah waqti hore ee nolosha) iyo ka hor intaanay soo gaarin cudurada halista ah ee nolosha.
Jadwalka Tallaalka ee Carruurta
Jadwalka tallaalka ugu dambeeya ee lagula taliyay carruurta ayaa Xarunta Xakameynta Cudurrada, Akademiga Maraykanka ee Caafimaadka Carruurta, iyo Guddiga La-talinta Tallaalka Tallaalka, waxay sheegaysaa in wakhtiga ay carruurtu ku sugan yihiin Maraykanka bilaabaan xanaanada, waa inay helaan:
- 3 qaadasho tallaalka cagaarshowga B
- 2 ama 3 qiyaas talaalka rotavirus ee afka (Rotarix ama RotaTeq)
- 5 qiyaas tallaalka DTaP
- 3 ama 4 qiyaas oo tallaalka Hib
- 4 qiyaas talaalka Prevnar 13
- 4 qiyaas talaalka polio
- 2 qiyaas talaalka MMR
- 2 qiyaas talaalka busbuska (Varivax)
- 2 qiyaas talaalka cagaarshowga A
- tallaalka hargabka sannadlaha ah, oo la heli karo marka la buufiyo sanka marka ilmuhu ugu yaraan 2 sano jiro
Tirada qiyaasaha loo baahan yahay talaalka Rotavirus iyo Hib waxay kuxirantahay nooca tallaalka ee loo isticmaalo. Qiyaaso yar ayaa loo baahan yahay Rotarix (rotavirus) iyo tallaalka PedvaxHIB iyo Comvax (Hib).
Carruurtu sidoo kale waxay qaadan karaan tallaal yar haddii tallaalada isku jira la isticmaalo, sida:
- Pediarix, isku-dar ah DTaP, IPV, iyo tallaalka cagaarshowga B
- ProQuad , isku-dar ah MMR iyo Varivax
- Pentacel, isku-dar ah DTaP, IPV, iyo Hib
- Kinrix , oo isugu jira DTaP iyo IPV
Carruurtu waa inay qaataan tallaal xoojin ah markay yihiin 11 ilaa 12 sano jir:
- 1 qiyaas oo Tdap ah
- 1 qiyaas oo ah Menactra ama Menveo, oo leh qadar xoojin ah da'da 16 jirka
- 3 qiyaas oo tallaalka HPV (gabdhaha oo keliya)
Tirakoobka Talaalka
Siyaabo kale oo looga fekerayo jadwalka tallaalka waa in ay bilaabaan xilliga ay bilaabayaan xanaanada, carruurta badankood waxay qaadan doonaan dhowr goor oo ah 10 tallaal si ay uga difaacaan 14 cudur oo tallaalka looga hortago .
Waa maxay sababta iyadu ka fiican tahay jadwalka tallaalka laga soo bilaabo 1980-yadii marka ay carruurtu qaataan 10 qiyaasood 3 tallaal (1983) ama 11 qiyaasood oo ah 4 tallaal (1989)?
Xaqiiqdii, waxay heleen sawirro yar ka dib, laakiin tirakoobka muhiimka ah ayaa ah tirada badan ee infakshannada badan oo hadda ka hor looga hortagi karo tallaalka dadka (gaar ahaan caruurta) sanad walba sanadka kahor intaan tallaalka joogtada ah la siinin ilaalinta, sida sida:
- Pneumonia, meningitis, iyo infekshinka dhiigga ee bakteeriyada Streptococcus pneumoniae - 63,067 kiis iyo 6,500 dhimasho
- Mininjaytis, epiglottitis, iyo infekshannada kale ee halista ah ee haemophilus influenzae nooca b (Hib) - 20,000 kiis iyo 1,000 dhimasho
- Cagaarshow A - 117,333 kiis, 6,863 isbitaal, iyo 137 dhimasho
- Hepatitis B - 66,232 xaaladood, 7,348 isbitaalada, iyo 237 dhimasho
- Gawracatada "Rotavirus" - 3 malyan oo kiis, 70 isbitaal, iyo 20 illaa 60 dhimasho
- Busbus - kaliya in ka badan 4 milyan oo kiis, 10,000 isbitaal, iyo 100 dhimasho
Sidee Yurub u Qaban
Dabcan, qof kasta oo adduunka ah ma socdo jadwalka tallaalka ee CDC. Dadka qaarkood waxay jecel yihiin in ay tilmaamaan in dalalka kale ay leeyihiin jadwal tallaal ah oo leh tallaal yar, sida Danmark, Sweden, Finland iyo Iceland. Laakiin ma yihiin jadwal tallaal oo kala duwan?
Sida laga soo xigtay Guddiga Qaranka ee Caafimaadka iyo Daryeelka ee Iswiidhan, dhammaan carruurta waxaa la siiyaa talaal ka dhan ah 9 cudur oo halis ah: gawracatada, teetanada, xiiqdheer, dabaysha, Hib infakshan ( Haemophilius influenzae type B), infakshanka pneumococcal, jadeecada, qaamo-qashiirta, iyo jadeecada Laga bilaabo Jannaayo 1, 2010, dhammaan gabdhaha dhashay 1999 ama ka dib waxaa sidoo kale la siiyaa tallaal ka dhan ah infakshanka papillomavirus (HPV).
Carruurta khatarta ugu jira infekshanka ama jirro daran waxaa la siiyaa talaal ka dhan ah cagaarshowga B, qaaxada, hargabka iyo infekshanka pneumococcal (haddii aan hore loo tallaalin sidii ilmo). "
Sida laga soo xigtay Barnaamijka Talaalka Qaranka ee Finland, carruurta Finland waxay si joogto ah u helayaan tallaalka rotavirus, DTaP, IPV (polio), Hib, MMR, tallaalka Pneumococcal conjugate, iyo tallaalka hargabka sannadlaha ah. Carruurta ku jira kooxaha khatarta badan ayaa laga tallaala qaaxada (BCG), cagaarshow B, iyo cagaarshow A.
Iceland ayaa tallaalka Streptococcus pneumoniae ku darey jadwalka tallaalkooda caadiga ah, iyo kuwa kale waxay ku baranayaan si dhakhso ah.
Sidaa darteed farqiga weyn ee jadwalka tallaalka Yurub badankoodu waa la'aanta tallaalka busbuska iyo tallaalka loogu talagalay cudurrada cagaarshowga A iyo cagaarshow B, iyada oo aan isticmaalno barnaamijyada tallaalka guud ee looga hortago infekshannadaas laga hortago tallaalka ka dib isdifaacii hore ee lagu guulaystay ololihii tallaalka ee la beegsaday.
Tani waxay macno u leedahay, tan iyo:
- Cagaarshowga A ma aha mid cidhiidhi ah wadamo badan oo Yurub ah
- Cagaarshow B waxaa badanaa laga helaa kooxaha khatarta ugu qotoda badan ee wadamo badan oo Yurub ah
Si kastaba ha noqotee, dalal badan, sida Spain, ayaa hore u siiyay tallaalka cagaarshowga B, waxay bilaabayaan inay siiyaan tallaalka HPV ee gabdhaha da'da yar, xataa xataa waxay siiyaan tallaalka busbuska ee dhalinyarada haddii aysan weli lahayn busbuska.
Wadamada Yurubta intooda badani wali waxay baranayaan halista iyo falanqaynta faa'iidada ee si joogta ah iyadoo la isticmaalayo tallaalka rotafayruusta.
Qaadashada weyn ee dalalkaan kale ma aha in ay isticmaalaan talaal yar; Waa shaqo fiican oo ay sameeyaan tallaalidda carruurtooda. Waddanka Finland, tirakoobyada tallaalka ee tallaalka ayaa muujinaya in 98% ilaa 99 boqolkiiba carruurta la tallaalay.
Sidoo kale, dalal badan ayaa leh jadwal tallaal oo ku dhow isku mid ah jadwalka tallaalka ee CDC. Laga soo bilaabo 2007, dhallaanka Australiya, tusaale ahaan, waxay heleen shan tallaal markii laba bilood jiro, sida Maraykanka Maraykanka, HepB, DTaP, Hib, IPV, Prevnar 7, iyo tallaalka rotavirus.
Jadwalada Tallaalka Kale
Jadwalka kale ee tallaalada kale ee dadku ay sii wadaan inay kor u qaadaan waxaa ka mid ah:
- Jadwalka Tallaalka-Isticmaal -Warbixin ku saabsan da'da laba sano, hal mar, qaado shakhsiga xiiq-dheerta (qallalka), gawracatada, teetanada, kadibna talaalka IPV (polio) lixdii biloodba mar, xitaa haddii shakhsiyaadka xiiq-dheerta, gawracatada, iyo tetanus mar dambe lama heli karo
- Baadhitaanka Tallaalka Beddelka ah ee B Bob -Waxaad ka helaysaa tallaal si aaney carruurtu u helin wax ka badan labo jeer, laakiin waa inay qaataan tallaal bil kasta halkii, waxay dib u dhigtaa tallaalka cagaarshow A iyo tallaalka cagaarshow B illaa ay carruurtu ka wayn yihiin, waxayna ku talinayaan jadeecada shakhsi, qaamo-qashiir, iyo irbadaha rubella halkii laga siin lahaa tallaalka MMR isku-jira
Waalidiintu waa inay fahmaan in haddii jadwalka kale uu yareeyo saamaynta tallaalka, ama xitaa si ammaan ah looga hortago caabuqyada talaalka looga hortago (dib u dhac ku yimaadda tallaalka wuxuu ka tagi karaa ilmahaaga aan la ilaalin oo halis u ah helitaanka jeermiska tallaalka looga hortago), waa mid aan la daaweyn oo aan la sii wadi karin.
Ilaha:
Xarunta Xakamaynta iyo Kahortagga Cudurrada. Mareykanka 2016 Soo-jeedinta Tallaalka ee loogu talagalay dadka da'doodu tahay 0 ilaa 18 sano.
Akademiyada Maraykanka ee Cudurada Carruurta. Jadwalka Tallaalka.
Waaxda Caafimaadka ee Australiya iyo Gabowga. Jadwalka Barnaamijka Tallaalka Qaranka.
Machadka Qaranka ee Caafimaadka iyo Daryeelka Finland. Tallaalada Finland.
Muddo dheer: Mabaadii'da iyo Tababarka Cudurada Cudurrada Cudurada Iskuulka Dib loo daabacay, 3aad ed. - 2009.
MMWR: Caymiska Talaalka Qaranka ee Gobolka, Gobolka, iyo Degmadda ee da'doodu tahay 19-35 bilood - Maraykanka, 2009. MMWR. Sebtembar 17, 2010/59 (36), 1171-1177.
Hey'adda ammuuraha caafimaadka iyo daryeelka bulshada ee Iswiidhan. Tallaalka Sweden.