Macnayaasha, bilowga, taariikhda, iyo mustaqbalka ee "Tube Baby Test"
Erayada macneheedu waa erayga "lafa". "Waa ereyga latin, oo guud ahaan loola jeedo wax kasta oo ka dhacaya shaybaadhka .Tani waa ka soo horjeeda jiritaanka, taasoo macnaheedu yahay jirka dhexdiisa (ama macno ahaan, "gudaha nolosha").
Bacriminta vitro , oo si fiican loo yaqaan IVF , waa farsamooyin taran oo tarjubaan ah oo bacrimin lagu sameeyo shaybaarka halkii jirka laga gali lahaa.
Tan iyo markii uu dhashay ilmihii ugu horreeyay ee IVF ee dhashay 1978, bacrimin-ku-samaynta ayaa ku rajo beelay malaayiin qof oo aan ilmo u dhalin karin hab kale.
Maanta, IVF waa daaweyn caadi ah - haba yaraatee - daaweyn bacrimin ah.
Qiyaastii 6.5 milyan oo ilmo dhashay IVF ayaa ku dhashay adduunka. In ka yar 5% bukaanada bacriminta waxay u baahan yihiin IVF. Kuwaas oo loo yaqaan "tube tube tijaabo" waxay u egyihiin kuwo caafimaad qaba oo caadi ah sida carruurta caadiga ah.
Laakiin ma ahayn waqti hore in IVF uu ahaa tiknooloj cusub oo cusub, muran badan, iyo xataa sharci darro.
Sidee ku shaqeyn kartaa Bacriminta Vitro?
Halkan waa sharaxaad gaaban oo ku saabsan waxa dhacaya inta lagu jiro IVF:
Haweeneydu waxay qaadataa daawooyinka bacriminta , taas oo kicinaysa horumarka oocyeel dheeraad ah (ama ukumo) ugxan-yari. Tani waxay dhacdaa dhowr maalmood.
Ka dib, ukunta bislaada ah ayaa laga soo saaraa ugxan (oo ka mid ah hooyada loogu talo galay ama laga soo bilaabo deeq bixiyaha.
) Tani waxaa lagu sameeyaa irbad fara badan oo lagu hagayo.
Shaybaarka, ukunta la soo baxo waxaa lagu daraa shahwada (laga bilaabo aabaha loogu talagalay ama ka yimid deeq bixiye).
Ukunta iyo shahwada ayaa lagu dhejiyaa xayawaanka Petri, halkaas oo rajeynaya in unugyada shahwadu ay bacrimiyaan unugyada ukunta. Unugyada ukunta ee bacriminta bani-aadamka ayaa la yiraahdaa embriyaha.
Markaas ka dib wuxuu abuuraa dhowr maalmood oo dheeraad ah shaybaarka. Tani waxaa lagu sameeyaa xaalado aad u ilaalsan.
Marka xigta, mid ama laba ka mid ah embriyaha ugu caafimaadqabta waxaa loo wareejiyaa hooyada loogu talagalay (ama surwaxa ) ilmo galeenka. Dhammaan embriyaha intaa dheer ayaa la qaboojiyey wareegyada mustaqbalka.
Waxaan rajeyneynaa, uurku waa uu dhalin doonaa. Heerarka guusha ee IVF way wanaagsan yihiin, laakiin uurka maahan mid dammaanad ah.
Waxaad heli kartaa faahfaahin faahfaahsan oo ku saabsan habka casriga casri ah halkan:
Waa Maxay "Baaritaanka Tube"?
"Baaritaanka ilmaha tuubada" waa erey mararka qaarkood ay isticmaalaan warbaahinta si ay u tixraacaan carruurta uurka leh uurjiifinta (IVF) .
Inkasta oo magaca "tube tube tijaabo" aan lagu soo saarin tuubo tijaabo ah. Tuubooyinka tijaabada ahi maaha qayb ka mid ah habka casriga casri ah ee dhammaan.
Iyada oo la adeegsanayo IVF, ukunta waxaa lagu bacrimiyo saxanka petri. (Ma aha tube baaritaan.) Marka embriyaha ay u dhexeyso seddex ilaa shan maalmood, waxaa loo wareejiyaa ilmo-galeenka.
Si aad u cadeeysid, embriyaha ma uureysiga uurjiifka ku sameysma shaybaarka. Fikraddan ayaa iska leh xaqiiqooyinka sayniska ee sayniska. Embriyo loo wareejiyey waa unugyo nool iyo horumarin unugyo - maaha waxa qofku u maleynayo inuu yahay "uurjiif".
Ereyga "test tube" ilmaha waxaa markii hore loo isticmaalay 1930-yadii. Kadibna, waxaa loo isticmaalay in lagu tilmaamo ciqaabta dabiiciga ah - maaha IVF.
Wareegidda dabiiciga ah waa marka shahwada si gaar ah loo dhaqay si toos ah loogu wareejiyo ilmo-galeenka haweenka iyada oo loo marayo ilma-galeenka. Waa bacriminta jiritaanka jirka - jidhka - oo aan ku jirin vitro , shaybaarka, sida IVF.
Tijaabo horudhac ah oo ku saabsan ereyga "imtixaanka ilmaha yar" waxaa laga helayaa buug la daabacay 1934-dii Panurge Press, oo uu qoray Dr Hermann Rohleder.
Buuggan, oo cinwaankiisu yahay " Tube Babies": Taariikhda Dhibaatada Awoodda ee Bani-aadamka , ayaa lagu sharaxay, "oo ay ka mid tahay xisaab faahfaahsan farsamadiisa, oo ay weheliyaan xaaladaha khibradaha shakhsi ahaaneed, dib u eegista suugaanta, iyo arrimaha caafimaadka iyo sharciga . "
Buugani wuxuu ku saabsan yahay dabeecad aan dabiici ahayn, maaha IVF. IVF weli wali lama been abuurin.
Markii ugu horeysay ee ukumaha bani'aadamnimada ee bacdal-ka ka baxsan jirey 1944-kii, erayga cunaha tube ayaa bilaabay inuu u gudbiyo ilmaha yar ee IVF.
Louise Joy Brown, oo ah ilmaha ugu horreeya dunida ee IVF, ayaa weli ah inta badan loo yaqaan 'tube tijaabada ugu horeeya' ilmaha. (In ka badan iyada hoose.)
Inta badan adduunka bacriminta waxay tixgeliyaan ereyga khatarta ah iyo kuwa aan habooneyn sababtoo ah sawir-yaraha, sawir-gacmeedka ah waxa uu isku dhejiyaa.
Taariikhda iyo Iskuxirka ee Fitilization In Vitro
Wadada daaweynta IVF lagu guulaystay waxay ahayd muddo dheer oo isku dayaysay.
Thanks to geesinimada iyo adkaysiga aqoonyahanka hore iyo takhaatiirta, tiknoolajiyada bacriminta ku jirta fitamiinada ayaa maanta la heli karaa.
First In In Vitro Bacriminta Cuntadu waxay qaadataa Meelo Labbo
Sannadkii 1934, Dr. Gregory Pincus si fiican ayuu u kordhay ukunta bakteeriyada. Ma uu isticmaalin bakayle malab ah.
Iyadoo loo marayo geeddi-socodka loo yaqaan parthenogenesis, wuxuu awooday inuu ukun ka qaato bakaylaha haweenka, wuxuu xoog ku bacrinta ukunta u mariyaa sheyga kiimikada, dabadeedna ukumaha bacriminta dib ugu wareejiyo habka taranka dumarka ee bakaylaha.
Shaqadiisu waxay keentay muran weyn iyo welwel. Dhibaatooyinka iyo soo bandhigista xun ee uu keenay waxay u horseedday inuu lumiyo waqtigiisa Jaamacada Harvard.
Laakiin cid waliba ma aragtay Dr. Pincus 'inuu yahay mid aan caddaalad ahayn. Qaarkood waxay arkeen rajo iyo ballanqaad.
In vitro Bacriminta isku darsamaan ukumaha dadka
Sannadkii 1937, Dr. John Rock wuxuu diraa tifaftiraha saxda ah ee wargeyska New England Journal of Medicine isagoo cinwaankiisu yahay "Waa maxay caqabadda haweenka qallafsan ee leh tuubooyinka xiran," oo ku amaanaya suurtogalnimada in bacriminta fitamiinada ee bini-aadanka.
1938, Dr. Rock ayaa shaqaaleysiiyey Dr. Pincus 'farsameeyihii hore - Miriam Menkin.
Miriam Menkin iyo Dr. Pincus ayaa markaas ku qaatay lixda sano ee soo socda inay isku dayayaan in ay bacrimin ku sameysmaan bani-aadamka.
Intii ay socotay cilmi-baadhistooda, waxay ururiyeen 800 qof oo boodh ah oo isku dayay inay bacrimiyaan 138.
Ugu dambeyntii, gugii 1944, Pincus iyo Menkin waxay go'aansadeen in ay dherereyaan wakhtiga ukumaha iyo shahwadu isugu wada jireen saxanka Petri.
Waxay ugu dambeyntii awoodaan in ay si guul leh u bacrimiyaan afar ukun. Ma aysan isku dayin inay ukuntooda u baddelaan ilma-galeenka haweeneyda.
Muran iyo Cilmi-baaris dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan Horumarinta Eggga Aadanaha
Sannadkii 1949, Pope Dius XII ayaa cambaareeyay bacrinta ka baxsan jidhka.
Laakiin tani ma joojin horumarka.
Sannadkii 1951, Dr Landrum Shettles waxay isku dayday inay dib u soo celiso Dr. Pincus 'bacriminta ukumaha dadka ee shaybaadhka. Waxa uu ku guulaystay.
Dr. Shettles sidoo kale wuxuu awoodaa in uu sii hayo ukunta bacriminta nool iyo horumarinta illaa lix maalin. (Maalinta lixaad waa markii embriyaha uu si caadi ah u galmoonayo maqaarka.)
Wuxuu u socday inuu ku daabaco Ovum Humanum , buug ay ku jirto in ka badan 1,000 sawir oo ah ukunta bini'aadamka ee heerarka kala duwan ee horumarinta.
Dr. Robert Edwards ayaa bilaabay baaritaanka IVF
Waqtigan xaadirka ah, England, Dr. Robert Edwards wuxuu isku dayey in uu bacrimin ku sameeyo ukumaha jiirka. Waxa uu ahaa mid guulaystay isla markaana wuxuu doonayay inuu la mid noqdo ukumaha dadka. Waxa uu isku dayay sannado laakiin aan nasiib lahayn.
Sanadkii 1965, Dr. Edwards wuxuu u safray Mareykanka, halkaas oo uu kula kulmay Dhakhaatiirta Howard iyo Georgeanna Jones ee Jaamacadda John Hopkins.
Dr. Howard Jones wuxuu ahaa dhakhtarka qaliinka taranka , isagoo daaweynaya ilmo la'aan. Xaaskiisa, Dr. Georgeanna Jones, wuxuu ahaa dhakhtarka taranka ee taranka. Waxay ku daaweyn jirtay dhalmo la'aanta hababka aan qalliinka ahayn.
Dr. Edwards ayaa u sheegay Jones 'ku saabsan rajadiisa ah inuu ogaado habka bacriminta fitamiinada loogu talagalay lamaanayaasha aan uuraysan karin.
Jones 'ayaa isku raacay inuu caawiyo isaga, iyo wadajir, waxay si guul leh u bacrimiyey a ovum aadanaha.
Dhexdhexaadin Dheeraad ah, Ku xigta Horumar dheeraad ah
Kadib markii uu ku soo laabtay England, Dr. Edwards wuxuu rabay in uu isku dayo inuu ukuleeyo ukun bacriminta ah oo ku soo noqda ilmo-galeenka haweeneyda.
Taasi waa markii Dr. Edward la kulmay Dr Patrick Steptoe.
Dr. Steptoe waxa uu abuuray hab qalliin oo cusub oo loo yaqaan ' laparoscopy' . Tani waa farsamo qalliin ah oo meesha qafiifka ah ee caloosha lagu sameeyo, kamarad iyo qalab ayaa la geliyaa jeexan.
Iyadoo loo marayo laparoscopy, ukunta bani-aadka ah ee bini'aadamka ayaa laga soo qaadan karaa ugxan-dumarka ugxan-yari. Tani waxay noqon kartaa mid aan ka fogeyn wax ka badan inta xulashooyinka kale ee qalliinka ah.
Dr. Jones ayaa u sheegay Dr. Steptoe riyadiisa ah ee daaweynta IVF. Waxay go'aansadeen in ay wada shaqeeyaan.
Dib u soo noqoshada baddaha, Mareykanka, Ururka Caafimaadka Maraykanka ayaa ka hadlayey ka hortagga IVF. Waxay ku adkeysteen in cilmi-baaris ku lug leh "unugyada uurjiifka ee aadanaha" waa inay joojiyaan.
Bulshada Reer Maraykanku waxay u maleyn jireen si kala duwan.
Kadibna waxaa hogaaminayey Dr. Georgeanna Jones, AFS-da waxay sheegtay in cilmi baaris lagu sameeyo bucrrroodka fayo-qabka ah waa in ay sii socotaa .
Oo iyana way samaysay. Laakiin khilaafka sii socda iyo khatarta ah ee dhakhaatiirtu ku lug leeyihiin.
Dembiga ugu horeeya ee daaweynta IVF waa laga hortagaa
Dr. Shettles ayaa weli go'aansaday in ay keenaan adduunkii ugu horreeyey ee ku jira vitamin bacriminta. Doris iyo Dr. John Del-zio waxay ku tabaruceen inay noqdaan waalidiinta ugu horeysa ee IVF iyagoo gacan ka helaya Dr. Shettles.
Doris iyo Dr. John Del-zio waxa ay ka qabeen dhalmo la'aan muddo shan sano ah. Cudurka qarxa ee loo yaqaan 'ovarian ovarian' ayaa u horseeday inuu xiro tubooyinka dhoobada ee Doris. Waxay lahayd saddex isku day dayactir qalliin ee tuubooyinkeeda iyo saddex isku day afduub loo sameeyay. Midkoodna daaweynta ma guulaysan.
Dr. Shettles wuxuu sheegay in IVF uu noqon karo jawaab suurtagal ah oo la soo bandhigo si loo caawiyo.
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Jaamacadda Shettles 'jaamacada ma ahan mid qarsoodi ah qorshayaashiisa. Xaqiiqdii, wuxuu ka soo horjeeday tilmaamaha tooska ah ee uu sarreeyo. Waxa kale oo uu doortay in uu iska indha-tiro xeerarka anshaxa ee cilmi-baarista bani-aadamka.
12-kii Sebtembar, 1973, Dr. Shettles wuxuu soo qaaday ukunta laga soo qaaday Doris, shahwada Yooxanaa, oo ku soo shubo galaaska dhalada.
Kadibna, wuxuu soo xidhay weelka maskaxda, halkaas oo uu qorsheeyay inuu dhowr maalmood ku sii hayo si uu u oggolaado bacriminta iyo horumarka embriyaha.
Hase yeeshee ka hor intaan la isku mari karin iyo uurjiifka ayaa dhici karta, mid ka mid ah saaxiibadiisa Dr. Shettles 'ayaa sheegay in tijaabada aan la ansixin.
Gawaarida ayaa laga soo saaray kiniinka, isla markaana Dr. Shettles ayaa la isku dayay tijaabadii tijaabada IVF. Suurtagalnimada in ilmihii ugu horreeyay ee IVF la lumiyo.
Dhamaadkii, Dr. Shettles waxaa lagu qasbay inuu iska casilo booskiisa Columbia-Presbyterian.
Uurka koowaad ee IVF wuxuu ku dhacaa England
Dib ugu laabashada England, sannadkii 1975, Dr. Edwards iyo Dr. Steptoe ayaa ugu dambeyntii gaareen guurka ugu horreeya ee IVF ee guusha leh.
Hase yeeshee, uurka wuxuu ahaa ectopic - embriyaha waxaa lagu geliyay tuubada dhoobada - iyo uurku wuxuu ku dhamaaday dhicis.
Dhanka kale, Mareykanka, caqabado badan oo loo qabo cilmi baaris IVF ayaa la dhigay.
Deeqaha federaalka looma ogolaanin in loo isticmaalo ujeedooyinka "baadhitaanka uurjiifka" (oo ay ku jiraan cilmi baadhista IVF) haddii aan daraasaddan hore loo ansaxinin Guddiga Qaranka ee Anshaxa.
Laakiin sababtoo ah guddiga aan rasmi ahayn waxaa la abuuray illaa Juun 1978-kii, horumar ayaa yimid duruufo kooban.
Cunugga First IVF waa la Qaadey oo dhashay
Dib ugu laabashada England, Dr. Edwards iyo Dr. Steptoe waxay sii wadeen dadaalkooda ku saabsan daaweynta IVF.
Bishii Nofembar 1976, Lesley iyo John Brown waxay la kulmeen Dr. Steptoe.
Tuubooyinka dhejiska ee Lesley ayaa la xannibay. Dr. Steptoe ayaa u sheegay Brown-ka in bacrimin-ku-samaynta ay ku caawin karto. Waxay oggolaadeen daaweynta.
Bishii Nofeembar 10keedii, 1977, Dr. Steptoe wuxuu soo qaaday ukunta ka soo baxda ugxan-yare ee Lesley Brown iyada oo loo marayo qalliinka laparoscopic. Isticmaalka shimbiraha John Brown, Dr. Edwards wuxuu dhigayaa ukumaha iyo shahwada oo ku jira saxanka petri, iyo bacrintu si guul leh ayey u dhacday.
Labo maalmood ka dib, embriyaha waxaa ku soo laabtay ilma galeenka Lesley.
Uurku wuu dhacay, waana guul!
Bishii Luulyo 25, 1978, Louise Joy Brown - ilmaha ugu horeysay ee IVF ee dunida - wuxuu ku dhashay qaybta qaliinka. Waxay ahayd 5 rodol, 12 wiqiyadood.
Caafimaad leh, farxad, iyo caadi.
Hope ee Cunugga IVF ee ku soo noqda Maraykanka
Sanadkaas, Mareykanka, Dr. Georgeanna iyo Howard Jones ayaa ka fariistay Jaamacadda John-Hopkins. Waxay go'aansadeen inay u guuraan Norfolk, Virginia si ay u furaan rugta bacriminta .
Maalinta dhalashada Louise Joy Brown, wariye ayaa wareysi la yeeshay Dr. Howard Jones ee Norfolk. Wariyuhu wuxuu weydiiyay haddii ilmo IVF ah ay suuragal u tahay Maraykanka.
Dr. Jones ayaa ku jawaabay in ay si buuxda u suura gashay, dhammaan waxay ubaahnayd waa lacag si ay u dhacdo.
Dr Jones ayaa markii dambe ka helay taleefanka bukaanka hore ee bacriminta oo bixinaya lacag si uu u furo xaruntii ugu horreysay ee IVF ee Maraykanka.
Hase yeeshee wakhti intaa ka sii badan ayaa dhici doonta ka hor inta uusan ilmuhu ku dhalan USA.
More IVF Babies Waxay Isku Dayaan Inay Ku Dhashaan Dunida
Muran ayaa sii waday in ay soo baxaan oo ay ku helaan habka baaritaanka vitamin-ga ee horumarinta iyo horumarka Maraykanka.
In kasta oo tani ay dhacayso, adduunka oo idil, ilmaha yar ee IVF ayaa imanaya.
Janaayo 4, 1978, Alastair MacDonald wuxuu dhashay - ilmaha labaad ee IVF iyo wiilka IVF.
Juun 23rd, 1980, cunugii ugu horreeyey ee Australiya IVF wuxuu dhashay - Candice Elizabeth Reed.
Oktoobar 2, 1981-kii, cunuggii ugu horreeyay ee IVF dhashay ee waalidkii Maraykanku yimid - laakiin daaweynta iyo dhalashada ayaa ka dhacay England. Magaciisu waa Samantha Steel.
In America, Jones 'ayaa sii waday in ay la dagaallamaan awoodda ay u leeyihiin in ay furaan oo ay maamulaan xaruntooda caafimaadka ee IVF.
First American American Vitro Canbigu waa yimid!
Ugu dambeyntii, ka dib markii la caydhiyay caqabado badan oo siyaasadeed, kiliiniga ugu horreeya ee American IVF ayaa la furay 1 - dii Maarso, 1980.
Sannad kowaad marka la furo, Jones wuxuu isku dayay 23 embroido IVF oo ku soo galay Norfolk, VA. Waxay ku guuldareysteen.
Dhanka kale, Massachusetts, Judy iyo Roger Carr ayaa ku dhibtooday inay uuraystaan.
Sheekada dhalmo-la'aanta ee Carr ayaa bilaabatay iyadoo uur leedahay oo dhakhso u yimid laakiin si deg-deg ah ayaa loo dhammeeyey. Uurka koowaad waxay ahaayeen ectopic, iyo Judy ayaa ka luntay mid ka mid ah tubooyinka dhoobada. Waxay isku dayeen inay mar kale uur qaadaan, isla markiiba uuraystaan, laakiin waxay qabeen uurjiif kale. Judy waxa ay waayeen tuubada labaad ee dhoobada.
Rabitaanka dabiiciga ah ayaa hadda ah mid aan macquul ahayn.
Inkastoo Judy ay ka soo kabatay qaliinka, waxay heshay buug yar oo ku saabsan xarunta IVF ee Norfolk, VA. IVF kaliya ma ahayn mid ku jirta Massachusetts oo keliya, sidoo kale waxay ahayd sharci darro.
Carruurtu waxay la xiriiraan Jones oo lagu martiqaaday in ay yimaadaan rugta caafimaadka ee IVF. Waxay ku dhaqaaqeen daaweynta IVF.
Bishii Abriil 17, 1981, ukumaha taranka ee Judy ayaa loo wareejiyay ilmo-galeenka. Waxay ahayd guul.
Ugu dambeyntii, December 28, 1981, 7:46 subaxnimo, Elizabeth Jordan Carr wuxuu ku dhashay qeybta qaliinka. Ilmaha ugu horreeya ee Maraykanku yahay ee IVF.
Caafimaad leh, farxad, iyo caadi.
In Vitro Bacriminta Dabadeed Vs. Hadda
Hannaanka loogu talagalay IVF waxay u muuqataa mid aad uga duwan tan maanta markii la sameeyay markii ugu horeysay.
Baadhayaasha ugu horreeya ee IVF waxaa looga baahan yahay in ay isbitaal ku jiraan inta lagu jiro muddada daweynta. Si loo qiyaaso heerarka hoormoonka, waxay ku qasbanaadeen in ay soo uruuraan dhammaan kaadidooda.
Hadda, bukaanka IVF waxay awoodi karaan inay guriga joogaan oo ay shaqeeyaan. Uma baahna inay sii qaataan dhammaan kaadidooda. Shaqada dhiigga waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu qiimeeyo heerarka hoormoonka. Bukaannada IVF waxay u baahan yihiin inay u yimaaddaan rugta bacriminta si joogto ah loogu shaqeeyo dhiigga iyo ultrasounds. Laakiin daaweyntu ma aha wax waqti gaaban ah.
Inta lagu jiro maalmaha hore ee IVF, marka heerarka hoormoonka ay muujiyaan ugxantu, soo celinta ukumaha waa in la qorsheeyaa 26 saacadood ka dib. Tani marmarka qaarkood waxay micnaheedu tahay sameynta nidaamka bartamaha habeenka.
Maanta, daawooyinka bacriminta ee la isku tallaalayo waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu xakameeyo marka qunshiidku dhaco. Tani waxay u oggolaaneysaa jadwalka soo celinta ukumaha saacadaha caadiga ah ee maalinta. Waxay sidoo kale u ogolaaneysaa takhaatiirta in ay si dheeraad ah u kantaroolaan habka taranka oo dhan, taas oo kordhinaysa khilaafka.
Bilowgii, dib u soo noqoshada ukumaha ayaa loo baahan yahay qalliinka foosha. Laparoscopy ayaa loo baahan yahay. Tani waa farsamo qalliin ah oo meesha qafiifka ah ee caloosha lagu sameeyo, kamarad iyo qalab ayaa la geliyaa jeexan.
Maanta, irbad lagu hagayo ultrasound ayaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu soo celiyo ukunta. Tani waxay si weyn u yareyneysaa, halis yar, waxayna ku lug leedahay waqti gaaban soo kabashada.
Mustaqbalka suurtagalka ah ee IVF: Fitilization Vitro hadda ee Vivo ?
Qaar ka mid ah diimaha ayaa ah kuwo ka soo horjeeda fikradda bacrinta ka baxsan jidhka.
Nidaamka GIFT, oo uu soo qoray Dr. Shettles 1979, wuxuu u oggol yahay bacrinta inuu ku dhaco gudaha jirka. Laakiin farsamadu waa soo jiidasho mana helin heerarka guusha.
Nidaamka wareejinta ee gamete intrafallopian (GIFT) waa daaweyn bacrimin ah oo la mid ah IVF. Halkaas, dumarku sida caadiga ah waxay qaataan daawooyinka bacriminta si ay u kiciyaan ugxansideeda. Ukumaheeda ayaa markaa laga soo qaadaa ugxan-yarada iyada oo loo marayo cirbad loo talaalay ultrasound.
Laakiin sida ka duwan IVF, bacriminta ukunta ma ka dhacdo shaybaarka. Halkii, ukunta iyo shahwada waxaa loo wareejiyaa tuubooyinka dhoobada , halkaasoo bacrinta ay caadi ahaan dhacdo.
Sababtoo ah qiimaha hoose ee guulaha iyo soo jiidashada habraaca, GIFT marar dhif ah ayaa loo qabtaa.
Tiknooloojiyada cusub ee caansan ayaa laga yaabaa inay sameysmaan bacrinta jirka gudaha jidhka oo la heli karo dhammaan lamaanayaasha IVF.
Qalab lagu magacaabo AneVivo ayaa hadda lagu horumariyey Boqortooyada Ingiriiska. Waxay heshay oggolaanshihii Hay'adda Hufnaanta Bini'aadminimada iyo Hantida (HFEA) bishii Sebtembar ee 2015.
Cilmi-baadhayaasha ku lug leh horumarinta qalabka cusub waxay rumeysan yihiin in caafimaadka embriyaha la sii wanaajin karo haddii embriyaha ay waqti yar ku qaadato shaybaarka iyo waqti dheeraad ah jawiga dabiiciga ah ee ilmo-galeenka.
Farsamada cusubi waxay ku lug leedahay unugyada ukunta iyo shahwada gudaha gudaha kintarka yar. (Kaabsulku waa hal mitir oo dheer iyo hal millimitir ballaaran.)
Kaabsashadan waxaa markaa loo wareejiyaa ilmo-galeenka ilaa 24 saacadood. Inta lagu jiro wakhtigan, waxaan rajeynayaa, in ra'yigaa la qaban doono.
Ka dib wakhtiga loo cayimay, kaabska ayaa laga saaraa. Dhakhaatiirtu markaa fur furfuran oo ay doortaan embriyaha caafimaad si ay dib ugu noqdaan ilmo-galeenka.
Ma aha oo kaliya tiknoolajiyadan cusub inay suurtogal tahay in ay xalliso cabashooyinka diinta (qaar ka mid ah), waxa kale oo laga yaabaa inay bixiso jawi dabiici ah oo dheeraad ah rimayga.
Waxay sidoo kale u oggolaaneysaa haweenka waayo-aragnimada ra'yi-gelinta ee ku jira gudaha jidhkooda.
Wax badan oo ku saabsan daaweynta IVF maanta:
- Nidaamka IVF, Khatarta, Kharashyada, iyo Heerarka Guuleysiga
- Intee Ayuu Qiimeeyaa IVF?
- 7 Siyaabaha Lagu Bixiyo Lacag Lacag Laho IVF
- 17 Fursadaha Daaweynta Kicinta
- Sababaha Kicinta
- Horumarinta Caanaha Dadka
Ilaha:
Bavister BD1. "Taariikhda hore ee bacriminta ee faytowlaha." Neefsasho . 2002 Aug; 124 (2): 181-96. http://www.reproduction-online.org/content/124/2/181.long
Bednar, Chuck. "Farsamada cusub ee IVF waxa ay qeexi kartaa dhamaadka 'tubbada tijaabada ah'." ReOrbit.com. La daabacay Janaayo 20, 2016. http://www.redorbit.com/news/health/1113412113/new-ivf-technique-may-spell-the-end-of-test-tube-babies-012016/
Brian, Kate. "Sheekada cajiibka ah ee IVF: 35 sano iyo shan milyan oo caruur ah kadib". La daabacay jimcaha 12 Julaay 2013 12.34 EDT. http://www.theguardian.com/society/2013/jul/12/story-ivf-five-million-babies
Cohen, Paula. "Dr. Howard Jones, oo ah hogaamiyaha kowaad ee ilamaha ugu horreeya ee US IVF, wuxuu ku geeriyooday 104. "CBS News. La daabacay July 31, 2015. http://www.cbsnews.com/news/doctor-behind-first-us-ivf-baby-dr-howard-jones-dies-at-104/
Cohen J1, Trounson A, Dawson K, Jones H, Hazekamp J, Nygren KG, Hamberger L. "Maalmihii hore ee IVF ee ka baxsan UK." 2005 Sep-Oct; 11 (5): 439-59. Epub 2005 May 27. http://humupd.oxfordjournals.org/content/11/5/439.long
Howard Jones Jr., MD. Dugsiga Caafimaadka ee Virginia. https://www.evms.edu/evms_news/howard_jones/
Kamel, Remah MA. "Taageerada Tiknoolajiyada Taageerada kadib dhalashada Louise Brown." Gynecology & Obstetrics . http://www.omicsonline.org/assisted-Productuct-Technology-after-the-birth-of-louise-brown-2161-0932.1000156.pdf
LaVietes, Stuart. "Dr. LB Shettles, 93, Pioneer ee Bini'aadamka Aadanaha. "New York Times. La daabacay Febraayo 16, 2003. http://www.nytimes.com/2003/02/16/nyregion/dr-lb-shettles-93-pioneer-in-human-fertility.html
Maalinta Maanta: Xaaladda. "Dr. Pincus, Horumarinta Kiniinka Dhalmada ee Dhalashada, Dhimashada. "New York Times. August 23, 1967. http://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/bday/0409.html
Imtixaanka Tube Babies: Waayo-aragnimada Ameerikaanka. "Del-Zio's Disorder." Http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/general-article/babies-del-zios-lawsuit-1978/
Imtixaanka Tube Babies: Waayo-aragnimada Ameerikaanka. "Biography: Howard iyo Georgeanna Jones." Http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/biography/babies-bio-joness/
Imtixaanka Tube Babies: Waayo-aragnimada Ameerikaanka. "Daaris iyo John Del-Zio." Http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/general-article/babies-biography-del-zios/
Imtixaanka Tube Babies: Waayo-aragnimada Ameerikaanka. "Sawirka: Judy iyo Roger Carr." Http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/biography/babies-bio-carrs/
Imtixaanka Tube Babies: Waayo-aragnimada Ameerikaanka. "Waqtiga: Taariikhda Fitillization In Vitro Bacriminta." Http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/timeline/babies/